We conducted a capture-recapture study of Zenaida Doves (Zenaida aurita) in three neighboring dairy farms in eastcentral Puerto Rico during 1984–1997. During 46 sampling periods, mean survival rate per sampling period was 0.77 (range = 0.1–1.0), mean recruitment was 911 individuals (range = 182–5,124), and mean population size was 1,569 individuals (range = 233–7,354). Survival increased during 1984–1991 and decreased during 1992–1997. Recruitment did not show a trend, but population size increased during 1984–1997. Rate of increase was a curvilinear decreasing function of population size. A demographic model with a fixed mortality rate stabilized at 1,350 individuals. When mortality rate was defined as a normal random variable, mean population size was 1,421 individuals, and there was a 0.95 probability of observing population sizes from 467 to 2,375 individuals. The size of the Zenaida Dove population varied widely over time, but periods of high recruitment rapidly offset periods of low survival in the dairy farms.